The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of its density to a specified reference substance. This ratio is a pure number, containing no units. If the specific gravity ratio for a given substance is less than 1, that means the material will float in the reference substance.
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Specific Gravity. Specific gravity is the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material, often a liquid. \[\text{specific gravity} = \dfrac{\text{Density of a substance}(\cancel{g/mL})}{\text{Density of the water at the same temperature}(\cancel{g/mL})}\]
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Use this specific gravity calculator to find the specific gravity of different materials and see whether they will float or sink.
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Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, which is usually water for liquids and air for gases. When water is used, it is at its highest density, which is at 4 °C or 39.2 °F.
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Specific gravity tells you whether something is floating or sinking in water. A specific gravity below 1 means that the sample is less dense (lighter) than water and will, therefore, float. For example, an oil with a specific gravity of 0.825 will float on water.
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Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity that is defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of the water at a specified temperature. The density of water at 4 0C is commonly used as a reference point.
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Specific gravity measurement. The specific gravity is usually measured using an instrument called a hydrometer. The hydrometer partially submerges in the liquid sample, and the reading on the scale at the air-water junction point is recorded, as illustrated in Fig. 1.7.3.
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Specific gravity, often abbreviated as GE or SG, is a measurement that compares the density of a substance to the density of water at a specific temperature and pressure. In other words, specific gravity tells us how much denser or less dense a material is compared to water.
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specific gravity, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance. The usual standard of comparison for solids and liquids is water at 4 °C (39.2 °F), which has a density of 1.0 kg per litre (62.4 pounds per cubic foot).
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